Втората преработка на нефта е наложена от голямата необходимост на бензин.Така се е стигнало до въвеждане на химически методи за преработка на нефта,наречени кретинг-процеси.При тях най-често молекулите на въглеводородите с дълги вериги се разкъсват и по този начин се получават въглеводороди с по-къса верига.Процесите на преработка на нефта и на нефтопродуктите, при които в резултат на химични реакции от по-високо кипящи въглеводороди се получават по-ниско кипящи,са именно тези кретинг-процеси. При кретинга се получават и висококачествени дизелови горива.Така чрез тази вторична обработка се увеличава добивът на бензин и се осъществява промишлено получаване на ненаситени въглеводороди.
Oil is recovered from an oil-bearing subterranean formation penetrated by an injection well and a production well by injecting into the formation via the injection well a solution of a normally solid polymerized methacrylate and oil displaced by the injected solution is recovered from the formation via the production well. Optionally, after the solvent solution has been injected, a hydrocarbon slug such as crude oil, petroleum distillate, a soluble oil composition, etc. may be injected and, if desired, this may be followed by injection of water.
A method and a system for treating seawater to facilitate secondary recovery of petroleum from a location below a body of saline water by flooding a permeable stratum with the treated water. The system utilizes a spirally-wound cross flow semipermeable membrane cartridge incorporating a three layer membrane arrangement preferably having nanofiltration characteristics which facilitates treatment of open ocean water by a single pass without any chemical or mechanical pretreatment to result in a liquid stream of desired character that can have greater ionic strength than the input seawater, e.g. at least about 18,000 ppm of chloride ion and less than 50 ppm of sulfate ion. This surprising objective is obtained even at high operating temperatures, e.g. as high as about 70° C., through the combination of the construction of the feed spacer and the nanofiltration character of the three layer membrane arrangement.
Бла.. верно няма много информация, надявам се това да ти помогне.